Networking#2 - Numbering systems, Standards and the OSI model.

We need to build a solid base for all the stuff we're going to learn afterwards, so this will be a bit like building the foundations for a skyscraper.

1.- Numbering systems:

- Define the following numbering systems:

 - binary
 - octal
 - decimal
 - hexadecimal

Why does a computer use binary?
Internally, does a computer use anything but binary?
Why do we use decimal and hexadecimal numbers then? how are they useful?
Incidentally, why do Ram modules follow an increment in space like this: 2Gb-4GB-8Gb-16Gb-32Gbmb, processors also go  8bit, 16bit- 32bit-64bit... why is this?

We will see a bit later why this is important and relevant.

2.- Standards, RFCs and the IETF:

- What is a Standard? (hint: read RFC 2026 and )
- Who are the IETF ? What do they do?
- What is an RFC? how are RFCs relevant¿?
- What is the IRTF?

How have the IETF and IRTF had an impact on how the internet works?

3.- OSI model:

(This part is hard theory, so you're just going to have to suck it up and learn it)

- What is the OSI model?

- What are "layers"?

- How do layers interact with eachother?

- What is a protocol?
- What is a "protocol stack"? (I call it the protocol Lasagna)
- What are the different layers? what does each layer do?

(there are definitely more questions to be asked, but in this case you must simply "know" the OSI model, because we will use it later to correlate it to the Ethernet + TCP/IP stack of protocols.

4.- Networking history

Legacy

- Token ring /  Arbitrated Loop

- BNC network connectors

- IPX protocol
- Novell networks
- Nortel

Read:
https://visual.ly/community/infographic/technology/brief-history-computer-network-technology

Networking #1 - The internet and the web / WWW

Welcome to the networking Module!!

Here we're going to learn a bit of how networks in general work (and the internet in particulad)  it's history it's inner workings, and how to fix that router at home that keeps on failing (and how to fix it)

This ties in with the previous module, as we need a computer to do any sort of networking, and how the computer works affects how it behaves on the network.

The idea here is to have a bit of an introduction. There is not necessarily any sense or direction to this first post on the subject, just a throw around of several concepts so that you can start to get an idea of how everything is tied together, a "high level view" to start with, with some more specific bits of knowledge. It will all make better sense when we go into a more granular and systematic approach.

1.- History

      Arpanet / DARPA net --> start here!
      Norad and the movie "War Games" , check it out!
      What was the first non-military "internet" connection?
      Who sent the first email?
      What was a BBS ?
         

2.- concepts / questions:

     Serial connection - the first network - what are the speeds? how does it work?
     How does a modem work? Read a bit about it.
     What is the typical speed of a modem based network connection?


      What is a web browser? (look for an actual definition)
      Make a list of the 5 most popular web browsers.
      What is HTTP?
      What is HTML?
      Differences Between HTTP 1.1 and HTTP/2
      What is HTTPS?
      What is the difference between HTTP and HTTPS ? (we will see this in more detail later)
   
      What is an IP address? (rough idea)
      What is a private IP address?
      And a Public IP address?
      And what is the difference between them?

      How can I buy a domain name?
      How much does it cost roughly
      What is a subdomain?
      What is a URL?
      What is the difference between a URL and a subdomain?

3.- More history:

     The browser wars, rise and fall of netscape, internet explorer and others.
     Check out the story of: Worldcom, Pets.com and the dot.com crash.
     Check Cisco systems stock price between 1990 and 2018 - Why does it look the way it looks?

4.- Lab:

    Find 4 websites that would sell you a domain name.
    Find out what else you need to get a website up and running.